The way to a safe machine
The necessity for provision of safety functions on a machine is defined in the type A standard, EN ISO 12100 (Safety of machinery, basic terminology, general design guideline).
What is the best approach to ensure a safe machine and which standards help you to construct a machine which is safe for its entire life cycle?
The following schematic representation should help you.
Design and risk assessment of the machine
EN ISO 12100-1 and -2
EN 1050/ ISO 14121 (type A)
- Determination of the limits of the machine (what is the intended purpose of the machine?)
- Identification of the hazards on the machine (exposing potential dangers)
- Risk assessment
- Risk estimation (damage extent x occurrence probability)
- Risk evaluation (risk reduction necessary)
- Decisions relating to the measures for risk reduction (through design measures, protective devices).
Function and safety-related demands for safety-relevant control
Definition of safety demands on the control and their implementation
The EN 954-1/prEN ISO 13849-1 or EN IEC 62061 are used (type B1 standards) to suit the technology, risk classification and design.
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Implementation:
EN 954-1/prEN ISO 13849-1 Validation: EN ISO 13849-2 |
Implementation: |
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Applied field: For non-complex programmable electronics as well as mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Can only be used on a limited basis for complex electronic systems. |
Applied field:
For all electrical and electronic systems. Non-electrical systems are not covered. |
Notes on the standards
prEN ISO 13849-1 is currently being revised and will replace EN 954-1
in the near future. Up until this point EN 954-1 will apply.
Application of the standards
Further safety-relevant B1 and B2 standards help with the implementation of the
safety demands:
- EN 418/ISO 13850 (Safety of machinery – Emergency stop)
- EN 1088/ISO 14119 (Safety of machinery – Interlocking devices associated with guards)
- EN 574 (Safety of machinery – Two-hand control devices)
- EN IEC 61496 (Safety of machinery – Electro-sensitive protective equipment).
Electrical safety aspects
They are described in the EN IEC 60204-1 (type B1) standard.